Next-Generation Battery | Chinese Research Team Develops "Mars Battery" with Energy Density of 373.9Wh/kg at 0°C

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Next-Generation Battery | Chinese Research Team Develops "Mars Battery" with Energy Density of 373.9Wh/kg at 0°C

Date：2024-08-30

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Keyword tags： Mars Battery

According to Science and Technology Daily, a research team from the University of Science and Technology of China has developed a "Mars battery" that uses the atmospheric components of Mars as fuel for the battery reaction, achieving high energy density and long cycle performance. The relevant results were recently published in the comprehensive academic journal Science Bulletin.

Photo source: Science and Technology Daily

The research team stated that the Martian surface environment is very complex, including various gas components, such as 95.32% carbon dioxide, 2.7% nitrogen, 1.6% argon, 0.13% oxygen, and 0.08% carbon monoxide, and it experiences severe temperature fluctuations, with a diurnal temperature difference of about 60 degrees Celsius. The research team simulated the real environment on the surface of Mars and developed a Mars battery that uses the Martian atmosphere as a direct fuel. At 0°C, the energy density measured was 373.9Wh/kg, and the cycle life reached 1375 hours, approximately two Martian months.

The study shows that the electrochemical performance of the Mars battery has a significant temperature dependence in the range of 0-60°C. During the charging and discharging process, the battery is accompanied by the formation and decomposition of lithium carbonate, and the trace amounts of oxygen and carbon monoxide in the Martian atmosphere can act as reaction catalysts, significantly enhancing the reaction kinetics of carbon dioxide. Through the integrated electrode preparation and the design of a folding battery structure, the effective reaction area of the Martian atmosphere was maximized. The team enlarged the cell size to 4 square centimeters, further increasing the energy density of the pouch battery, which can reach up to 765Wh/kg and 630Wh/L.

This research provides a proof of concept for the application of Mars batteries in the actual Martian environment, and in the future, solid-state Mars batteries will be further developed, laying the foundation for the development of multi-energy complementary energy systems in future space exploration.

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